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 People
With approximately 43.6 million people in 2006, Colombia is the third most populous country
in Latin America, after Brazil and Mexico. Movement from rural to urban areas was very heavy in the mid twentieth century,
but has since tapered off. The urban population increased from 31% of the total population in 1938, to 57% in 1951 and about
70% by 1990. Currently the figure is about 77%. Thirty cities have a population of 100,000 or more. The nine eastern lowlands
departments, constituting about 54% of Colombia's area, have less than 3% of the population and a density of less than one
person per square kilometer. Colombia's total population in 2015 is projected to be more than 52 million. The country has
a diverse population that reflects its colourful history and the peoples that have populated here from ancient times to the
present. The historic amalgam of the different main groups forms the basics of Colombia's current demographics: European immigrants,
Indigenous Natives, Africans, Asians, Middle Easterners and other recent immigrants. Many of the indigenous peoples were absorbed
into the mestizo population, but the remaining 700,000 currently represent over eighty five distinct cultures. The European
immigrants were primarily Spanish colonists, but a small number of other Europeans including: Dutch, German, French,
Swiss, Belgian and in smaller numbers Polish, Lithuanian, English and Croatian communities immigrated during the Second World
War and the Cold War. For example, former Bogotá mayor Antanas Mockus is the son of Lithuanian immigrants. The Africans were
brought as slaves, mostly to the coastal lowlands, beginning early in the sixteenth century, and continuing into the nineteenth
century. After abolition, a national ideology of mestizaje encouraged the mixing of the indigenous, European and Native Amerindian
communities into a single mestizo ethnic identity. Other immigrant populations include Asians and Middle Easterners, particularly
Lebanese, Jordanians, Syrians, Chinese, Japanese and Koreans.
Tourism
Rodadero Aquarium near Santa Marta.During the most famous festivals such as the Cali Fair,
the Barranquilla Carnival, the Iberoamerican Theater Festival and the Flower Festival is when the most tourists come to Colombia.
Many people visit Colombia during Christmas time and the celebrations surrounding the Independence of Colombia. Arts and crafts
in the town of Ráquira, Boyacá Department.Even though Colombia has been plagued with Travel advisories because of FARC and
other guerrillas groups, it has continued to attract more tourists in recent years. The apparent cause appears to be the current
hardline approach of President Álvaro Uribe called democratic security to push rebels groups farther away from the major cities,
highways and tourist sites that may attract international visitors. Since President Uribe took office in 2002, he has notably
increased Colombia's stability and security by significantly boosting its military strength and police presence throughout
the country. This apparently has achieved fruitful results for the country's economy, particularly international tourism.
In 2006, tourism officials are expecting approximately 1.5 million international visitors to visit Colombia, an astonishing
increase of about 50% from the previous year. Even Lonely Planet, a world travel publisher, has picked Colombia as one of
their top 10 world destinations for 2006. The World Tourism Organization reported in 2004 that Colombia achieved the third
highest percentage increase of tourist arrivals in South America between 2000 and 2004 (9.2%). Only Peru and Suriname had
higher increases during the same period. Due to the improved security, cruise ships will begin returning to Cartagena in October
2007.
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